The Grandfather and My Prose

I speak anecdotally in the classroom so often some of my students begin to speak of my Grandfather as if they know him–as if they know his influence upon me. And because as a fiction writer I don’t begin to think that the Jefe in the writing or the Grandfather from those anecdotal lessons from the classroom–those moments where I lead my students through my own literacy development as a model for them–is the  real man. As in most non-fiction I am well aware that the character on the page has to be honestly addressed a literary equivalent and not the true persona or the true image of a person.

Jenny Cornell was very clear about this idea in my own non-fictive writing for her. She would always write that she was not comfortable at addressing the I or the speaker in the essays I wrote for as the real John Paul in her office–but rather she always addressed the persona or the created John Paul in the essay. The non-fictive face or the equivalent of a pose–very controlled and always used to rhetorical affect.

And so the dilemma of the Grandfather. The man I speak of in most of my classes. So much to the point a student told me today–your Grandfather did a great job in raising me. And I can assure you this is the furthest from the truth. Influenced or sponsored but not in a mentored sensibility. And I have to admit some of the examples or anecdotes in the classroom are controlled for rhetorical affect. Like my fiction–molded and crafted to determine theme or simply to give me a world to address.

The real Grandfather–my father’s father–never gave me much. I have an old hunting rifle and I have his canteen from WW II or at least that is what he always sold. As for my mother’s father–I met him on two occasions before his death. I was very young–let’s say 12. His legs had been taken from a bout with diabetes and his drinking. He gave me a sense of mystery and really all I have of him is a photograph folks say looks like me.

The Grandfather I most often speak of and write on was not my Grandfather at all. He was the man my Grandmother–or the woman who raised my mother–lived with for most of my life. This relationship was the most influential of them all. He mentored me and sponsored me–taught me what it was to be honest and trustworthy–he also drank and smoked and chased women and treated the Grandmother so poorly as to influence my creative sensibility in such complicated ways.

And so when I write about the Jefe or the Chief as my father’s father was called. And when I write about the Grandfather and write about the Jefe I am also referring to the man who was living wth my Grandmother and not the man who raised or even biologically father my mother. This complicated fusing of reality and merged relationships I utilize in my fiction and the way I utilize anecdote in the classroom I must be honest about as it is all for rhetorical affect.  In fact these stories though are so honest in capturing the feel of living on Spruce as I did for a time or on Routte as I also did for a time  and truly capture this world of Bessemer and the south-side of Pueblo as any home movie I could show or play via the Internet and this weblog.

So am I dealing with these lost family connections in my family? Am I trying to account for these lost relationships in my classroom and in my fiction writing?

Hornsby on Rushdie

I have been following Nick Hornsby’s blog pretty closely–I like the way he brings pop culture and the literary together. He reads and watches everything. Here is an excerpt about failure:

Salman Rushdie, writing in the Guardian about film adaptations, tells us that “the failures are so much more frequent than the successes”. Well, yes. But what about original screenplays? How’s the strike rate there? And novels? Even novels with serious literary intentions? Poems? Plays? Marriages? Lives?

Thoughts on Process

I had so much interest in responding to Kim’s weblog and her thoughts on voice I thought I would post the response:

I have relaxed so much on voice and even stealing. I have been reading Oscar Wao by Junot Diaz and Singing from the Well by Arenas and I am stealing. I am not plagiarizing but I am stealing. I like the idea of stealing and not borrowing, meaning I allow myself to follow their scene and summary pattern like following a specific outline–I give them to my students in Comp and they write better more organized papers. So I tell myself I will write this many words of summary and this many words of scene. It helps me–and I bring my own worlds to that outline.

As for voice, I really have relaxed on that too. I tell myself to just tell the story in a simple way–I call it free writing or whatever–but it helps me get it down. I feel I have allowed myself to fail–allowed myself to create something to hack away at. Also David Keplinger asked me specifically who I wrote to. I had no idea what he was meaning. And then he asked again, who do you write to? Like I am writing a letter or a note to somebody and that was exactly what he meant. He told me he imagined writing to whomever he was dating at the time–or a cousin on the phone he hadn’t spoken to in a long time who he really wanted to understand. I keep that in mind and just allow myself to tell it–like I’m talking to you or D in a coffee shop and really want you to empathize with the old neighborhood or Lolo. I think that is important–we allow ourselves to just tell it before we get into higher thoughts of rhetoric or intent.

A Small Thought on Process

Writing is coming pretty furiously lately. I have so many notes right now I feel as if I am writing to keep up with the trajectory of the work. I have notes for at least another 4 or 5 chapters of the Little Lolo project. And they seem so clear to me–scary because I hate to lose that feeling of ease in drafting/free writing the chapters. But I feel like I know where the story is going–and I will write them here so I do not forget–but I feel I know that the foster kids need their own chapter as they come and go from the family; also the Metedio trip to dog track and trip to the Mexican Drive In needs to be resolved; I also feel that Metedio will go to jail like the real Tio and the family will visit him in Canyon City–probably for petty theft; I also know that the Abuelita will become pregnant with another kid and also that Relles and Lolo get into it over work and chores; Lolo will push Relles of the roof while playing and fracture his skull.

I know these things because I have them down in my notes and I can fully explore them while I free write. I seem to allow myself to fail in more powerful ways since I started this weblog and force myself to write everyday. Along with rough work and failing, I also seem to find some gems or real powerful threads to the narrative. Allowed me to find little Lolo from the pictures I have and also has allowed me to find Metedio and the fosters.

What I am worried about though is the ending notes of the Cornbread project–I feel as if that one will take quite a while to resolve.

In that project I feel later scenes from the time line of Cornbread’s and Manito’s life–more up to date experience. I also need to rewrite or continue to work on the material I have with Lolo and Manito. Hopefully I will have a breakthrough on that project the way the research about the real Cornbread Baca gave me insight into that project–helped me to find Bea and also to find Rudy and Rosalie.

Kerouac’s Aesthetic

on-the-road2I could go on all day about my love for Kerouac–the first time I found his books but you get the idea. Anyway I’ve been reading his Belief and Technique for Modern Prose as well as his collected notebooks Penguin published last year and I am continually amazed at his obsessions. Hugo says that’s what we pick up first–we notice other writer’s obsessions and they perhaps give us insight to our own. I think Kerouac’s obsessions are for the writing itself–he is possessed with the idea of being a writer. In all of his notes there is never a hesitation to call himself a writer. His work ethic is indomitable.  

Other obsessions of course are with the country and with travel and with capturing and remembering–turning the everyday into folklore of the self–all in the daily practice of writing.

Of course spontaneous prose and the idea of not censoring one’s expression. I like the debate in Cronenberg’s Naked Lunch between the Ginsberg character and the Kerouac character. Ginsberg was a relentless reviser of work nd Kerouac wanted to sit and get it down–I know some writers like that. I find myself taking on both points of view–take it as it comes or form it up constantly.

Anyway I love his ideas on his own personal aesthetic:

  1. Scribbled secret notebooks, and wild typewritten pages, for your own joy
  2. Submissive to everything, open, listening
  3. Try never get drunk outside your own house
  4. Be in love with your life
  5. Something that you feel will find its own form
  6. Be crazy dumbsaint of the mind
  7. Blow as deep as you want to blow
  8. Write what you want bottomless from bottom of the mind
  9. The unspeakable visions of the individual
  10. No time for poetry but exactly what is
  11. Visionary tics shivering in the chest
  12. In tranced fixation dreaming upon object before you
  13. Remove literary, grammatical and syntactical inhibition
  14. Like Proust be an old teahead of time
  15. Telling the true story of the world in interior monolog
  16. The jewel center of interest is the eye within the eye
  17. Write in recollection and amazement for yrself
  18. Work from pithy middle eye out, swimming in language sea
  19. Accept loss forever
  20. Believe in the holy contour of life
  21. Struggle to sketch the flow that already exists intact in mind
  22. Don’t think of words when you stop but to see picture better
  23. Keep track of every day the date emblazoned in yr morning
  24. No fear or shame in the dignity of yr experience, language & knowledge
  25. Write for the world to read and see yr exact pictures of it
  26. Bookmovie is the movie in words, the visual American form
  27. In praise of Character in the Bleak inhuman Loneliness
  28. Composing wild, undisciplined, pure, coming in from under, crazier the better
  29. You’re a Genius all the time
  30. Writer-Director of Earthly movies Sponsored & Angeled in Heaven  

Self Publishing and the Question of Literary Quality and Audience

An old student of mine from last term was in the office and we were discussing the possibility of a student writing club and publication and he asked me an interesting question. He asked: What does every writer want for their work? He answered before I could–publication.

I think of this idea more and more as a failed writer. Well, because what makes a writer failed? Is it lack of time to write or lack of inspiration in terms of story? I have plenty of stories to tell and lately I have been writing–free writing but writing none-the-less and that doesn’t seem to be the problem. My Cornbread Project is up to 135 pages and I do see a sort of way out of that narrative–I won’t say ending but I will say way out. That is sort of the way I look at it.  So I don’t think that is what makes me a failed writer.

Well, then, is it the ability to self-revise or to look at the work objectively. Well, I have just spent the last hour revising the Highland Stories and I have those mailed out all over–and I think  that is a solid book. Or at least solid in the sense that that is the level of work I am capable of. I mean I looked at it pretty objectively and roughly and I am fairly certain I have ripped as much out as I possibly can in terms of flat or stilted narrative. I can honestly say–this is as good as I got.  And D reminded me just how much work I have put in to the Huerfanos Project and until I reread that I’m nout sure if this is true but I feel that is as strong as I got. So perhaps that is not what makes me failed–I still have a lot of editing to do to the Cornbread Project though.

So I guess it has to be the sense that I am not getting my work out there as much as I possibly can. And I have seen so many people in the local news celebrating publication and yet when I click a few clicks on the computer I get to the screen or website that tells me they self-published. Tracy Daugherty and his editor had pretty strong thoughts on that and peronally I am not certain what to make of it. I want to be accpeted by a small press and given some sort of validation from an editor. Some sort of reading apart from me and D. Some sort of readership though as I write and think of it I don’t  consider the reader too much. And the Rimbaud letters and movies I watch remind me of the strong feeling he ha about publiction–it still sounds good even if it is from the mouth of Leonardo DiCaprio. Rimbaud says–Nothing matters but the work; everything else is just literature.

So when I see a writer self publishing and going on about readings and book signings–I am left with this question of literary quality and audience. Follow the link to see what I mean–he is a genre writer but the idea still stands.

I think what also might make me a failed writer is that I cannot imagine who would want to read about Manito or about Lolo–other than me and my uncle. Maybe my sister. The Grandfather doesn’t know how to read or at least that is his joke. They could understand a film I guess and I do have dreams of taking my camera and quitting my job and making a film to edit on my computer–and when I say dream I mean a literal dream where I do it in Colorado and have no worries of bills or anything–but I digress.

So, is self publishing realy publishing. Tracy Daugherty’s editor told a group of stuents if the book isn’t reviewed and if there aren’t smaller publications that add up for the collection–well it might be better to write a novel which is why I wanted to write a novel instead of another collection of short stories. And now the Cornbread project has turned into another novel–a longer, more in-depth story than shorter sprints.

And I do know the history of beginning new presses and D’s son is a musician and created his own label to put out his music which is so crafted and beautiful music. But in the music or musician world I guess it is just more accepted that you put out your own cd than to put out your own book.  That is just how you get people to hear–again this question of audience. I wonder who D’s son imagines will purchase his music–or does he think a bigger label will pick it up? Or is it all for the experience and validation of getting your stuff out there? And there are tools to get your music onto ITunes and the like and I am sure that is what he is following.

I’m sure this question of publishing and literary quality will go on as I write and work–and I read an article in the State Journal Register here in Springfield that takes on a harsh position against self-publishing and if I can find it I will comment more on this soon.

PS–Sent out the Highland Stories to Black Lawrence Press.

Naked Lunch and the Addiction of Writing

Yesterday I obsessively watched David Cronenberg’s Naked Lunch and found the film not to be about the bookas much as entirely about Burroughs and all of his writing–it seems as if scenes were taken from every short story and novel–Naked Lunch and Queer.

I was particularly interested in the scenes witht he writing machines as bugs or focuses of addiction. I was amazed at how the dirctor–and of course Burroughs–sees language or writing as a disease or addiction. The conflict came from the lack of typing machine or loathing of particular bug-like typing machine. Now that I think of it there were kinds of writing or word machines inthe film–British and American. At one point Bill Lee trades in his gun at a pawn shop for a typewriter and so I satarted to think of all the machines I have had. I remember using the Abuelitos old type writer for high school papers and also for college papers when I went away to school. I bought an electric typewriter back in the day until I bought a clone computer the size of a dresser. Then I had a Mac laptop that was given to me at work until finally a Dell laptop. I have always been lugging something around to bang words off of.

I was interested because I have a typing machine in every room of the old apartment now and at work and in all the classrooms I work in. I wonder what Burroughs is trying to tell us about the sensuality and the viscerality of words and language and how we possibly fetishize our own complex reading and writing–to the point of self destructive addiction. The creative literacy feeding on itself.

In this scene, Bill Lee seems to be introducing drugs to author Jane Bowles and having some sort of shared experience with drugs and writing.

PS: I sent out Farmhouse in the Lanes–to TinHouse– and Rabbit Story–to Glimmer Train.

Early Morning Imaginary Voices

After another early morning session–5am really works for my writing somehow–and looks like I have some directions to think about–more imaginary voices to answer to and follow.

Romes is trying to tell me that men and woman both treat people badly and not to judge all men or all women. Also Manito has a choice this morning to either snitch on Bea or perhaps live with deceiving Lolo and possibly Cornbread. So in this organization or fraternity of men he finds himself in on Spruce he has to make a decision. (I am stealing that fraternity of men idea from Leaonard Gardner’s Fat City.)

And I know the idea of a snitch is an ancient concept–not just from modern rap music. I remember DeNiro’s snitch speech to Henry Hill from Goodfella’s: “Never  rat on your friends and always keep your mouth shut.”

I also am reminded by Romes that I need to go back and give a scene or comment on the idea of snitching to Manito and Lolo–Baca would want the two to watch over his daughter as if they could save her. As if they could save anybody. As if anybody could save anybody–Thank you, D, for that one. As if anybody could be saved from their own actions.

Whispering to Imaginary Friends

This morning after waking up around 5AM and finding myself unable to sleep I tried to utilize that energy to get Ch 22 down–at least in my notes.  I used to do that pretty regularly–I liked the idea of writing before I spoke to anyone or even before the sun was up. My first year in Illinois I would do that and I have to say I didn’t want to return but I find that way of drafting very productive. Of course, my teaching schedule and grading seems to go against that process. But the time is nice and quiet and calm. There is no distraction of the morning news or the morning cable news or any noises from the neighborhood or the neighbors. A nice quite place for me to type and get ideas down. Later in the day I am just too distracted.

If I can get the Romes material down and I know the Cornbread project needs Romes and those passages to send the enertia of the narrative woards the end. I need to get Romes to sprun Manito on or someone on to inform on Bea to Cornbread which causes the main problem in the book. How do I do this. That should be the challenge of early mornings to come. I want to finish this or at least finish the drafting so I can begin new chapters–I’ve got this idea for a whole chapter on the Abuelita’s novelas–Days of Our Lives and Santa Barbara.

I also have this idea for new projects. I have been toying with the idea of drafting a new project in 3rd person focused more on Lolo and more on Lolo’s youth with the Abuelito’s. The Rabbit Story I drafted based on some old stories helped to see that I might be able to do that. I mean I’d love to follow Lolo in this big sort of myth I am drafting about the Abuelito and Lolo’s place in all that.

PS:

A while back a friend told me that writers spend most of their time whispering to imaginary friends and I am more and more beginning to believe that.

Deborah Brandt’s Literacy in American Lives

It seems like most of my posts begin ‘back at Oregon State’. Well, the time there was very influential and informed my literacy and my writing aesthetic and so I can’t help thinking back with fondness. Fondness for working in Dr. Lisa Ede’s course and working with the individual writers from the fiction work shops I attended.

And as for the subject of literacy, I think Deborah Brandt’s book Literacy in American Lives–the text I experienced in Dr. Ede’s literacy studies course-influenced my thought process and perhaps even my political viewpoint in such a profound way. Most importantly her book gave me the idea of literacy sponsorship–the idea of how and perhaps also why we value literacy the way we do. It helped me to think of how I valued literacy–reading and writing and thinking–when I was young.

This idea made me ponder my own literacy development–how the Grandparents kept no books or anything in the house. How school was something down the street and not in the home. The old man read the newspaper and once and a while read a magazine abandoned in his house but other than that I feel literacy or institutionalized literacy was not valued in the Grandparent’s house. In contrast, my sister almost never reads–perhaps only at stop signs she sometimes jokes. So growing up that made me feel that literacy did not matter. I had to get out to the public library to find Catcher in the Rye and John Coltrane tapes–material so influential in my own personal literacy development. But I felt I had to steal it and take control of my own literacy development.

And as a professional I feel so lucky that Deborah Brandt has agreed to speak at our own Literacy Seminar we are putting together at my own little community college. I am so happy at the possibilty of her influence and her words inspiring other instructors–perhaps also high school instructors is the goal–will also be inspired by her words and by her ideas. 

The event is tentatively scheduled for May 2–or April 25–and I hope the event will be well attended and will be as influential in bringing writers and teachers together for at least a small discussion of literacy and literacy development.

Before Night Falls

nightI have put off writing about this amazing movie D and I watched a few weeks back–if you could see the stack of literary analysis papers on my little desk you would understand. I saw this film before but D had not. I first saw it on the Independent Film Channel and I was taken by the story of the young man’s creative literacy development–the young writer developing and learning about his craft.

The film is based onthe life of Reinaldo Arenas and his upbringing during very turbulant times in Cuba–around the time of the revolution. The beauty of the land and the beauty of the words worked so well in my viewing. Also the cameos by Sean Penn and Johnny Depp were pretty interesting.

I also appreciated the narrativity or the movements back and forth in time as the older Reinaldo puts together thoughts and tries to understand his past experiences. The way the narrative returned to his mother and his grandfather.  I am hoping to write more about this film and also the life of Reinaldo Arenas as I just ordered his first book Singing from the Well and soon I want to order his memoir–I found the book online for 9 dollars and I have a long 7-10 days to wait before I can read.

I am always struck at literacy narratives but also creative literacy narratives–stories highlighting writers, artists and poets.

PS:

I have been trying to get used to WordPress. I am certain most of the sites I manage and update will soon be moved over to WordPress because it just looks better. I spoke to a student the other day who swears by Worpress but I have found a couple of bugs and after spending the last 4 years on Blogger I find I am a slow learner at a new system. But the pages just look so much better and the interface is fairly easy to use.

An Idea on Process

This is what it is like for me on this Thursday morning sitting and waiting around–without coffee–for my 930am class:

I have come to the idea that I my process is so completely erratic and unpredictable and I wonder if I can sustain a long narrative without forgetting beginning points and narrative threads. Here I find myself on Ch 20 of the Cornbread Project and in the middle of teaching 6 classes–yes, 6 classes–and I find myself forgetting what the intro and 1st chapter were about. I find myself rereading not for proofing but for characters names and threads–consistencies in the narrative. I thought I was like Ray Carver in his book of essays Fires–I thought I didn’t have the head for longer narrative and that my sensibilities leaned towards the sprint.

And I have never been one like Stephen King who condones and offers sitting and writing for hours on end every day of the week sequestered away so one can write. But today and only today as I think about photocopies and page numbers and discussion points/ideas and logisitical bologna, well today I feel that I could almost walk away and be satisfied simply to have 5 consecutive hours or so to sit and write and finish the damn manuscript as I do have some substantive thought on plot and direction for characters. I mean I have these imaginary and partly real people in my laptop and I want to finish their stories. As I get older the more and more I understand in writing and in myself the more I wish I could be like some tenured people here and ‘not come in on thursdays’!

F-a-c-u-l-t-i-e-s.

Richard Yates and Revolutionary Road

I first read Yates’ Revolutionary Road years ago–maybe back at Colorado State. I had been reading as much Richard Ford as I possibly could after reading Rock Springs and Independance Day and in one of those books–in the forward–he lists Yates as the most underappreciated writer in America and I wanted to see if this were true and so I picked up his collection of short stories and Rev Road at the bookstore. I remember I read them outside of assigned reading. I had finished reading a bunch of Salinger and also Cheever and Yates was in that post-war style yet the novel Rev Road is wider in scope and breadth. The writing is less romanticized than Salinger and perhaps more crafted and layered than Cheever. At least in my small reading view.

What struck me about the movie version I saw last week with D was how April was drawn and how the community was the focus of the book–at first I thought this different than the book and after going back to the text I see how the screen adaptation was right on target. The Wheeler’s and the neighbors and everyone in the book make up this community of the complacent–the suburban mediocrity that is safe and pleasant but also turns to kill individual identity. After the film and the book I’d like to go back to Yates’ life and see if his life was similar in dreaming and hoping for time to write instead of time with the family. I wonder if April was drawn after his own wife–as in auto-fiction.

I also want to mention how I heard in a DVD commentary of Seinfeld that the grumpy writer in Season 1 who is Elaine’s old man was based on Richard Yates after Larry David dated his daughter. –Why is this important? I don’t know but I want to get it down so I remember in this journal.

Hunter S. and Hell’s Angels

In between prep time for school and my own research of Cornbread I’ve been reading Hunter S. Thompson’s Hell’s Angels. I like to read at it slowly before I get to sleep at night–keep it close to the bed. I found the book in Barnes and Nobles, not in non-fiction, but in the special interest section–not biography–which I find odd. And I was surprised to see how Hunter S. sympathizes the subjects of the book. Seems odd because in the documntary of Hunter S. I watched a few months ago called Gonzo: the Life and Times of Hunter S. Thompson, Hunter S. discusses the person/mythos of the gang and the sensationalizing going on in the press at the time–this reminds me of Didion and her analysis of the youth in San Francisco of 1966. Yet unlike Didion, Thompson sees a movement and a positive note/experience.

And I also see how the writing is so much more straight than Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas or even Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail–those books seems like such craziness of form and analysis. So much making up of characters and observations–but in Hell’s Angels the reporting is straight-forward and dare I say objective. More of what I think of straight recording or reporting rather than creating story–more capturing than distorting. Hunter is not the story and the subjects are his story and that is odd compared to later books. I guess he learned to push the perception or the persona further.

And I was able to bring up Hunter S. in my Comp class this term. Specifically ‘the wave speech’ from Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. In comparison to Slouching Towards Bethlehem the wave speech is such a contrast to how Didion viewed San Francisco in 1966. I wonder if Hunter S. romanticized the experience the way he fictionalizes all of his subjects or did he just enjoy it more on drugs. I mean in Slouching, Didion repeatedly turns down weed and acid whiel I can’t imagine Hunter S. turning down anything.

Jose Antonio Burciaga and the importance of MLK Jr.

The essayist Jose Antonio Burciaga–who I find myself more and more reading and re-reading–explains in his essay called “the Last Supper of Chicano Heroes” not only the importance of studying particular Chicano writers and artists–and finding personal heroes–but also the importance of Dr. Martin Luther King’s inspiration to the American Chicano movement.

He writes that the idea for the essay was inspired by his work on creating a mural with the same title. And he mentions the mural is on display at Stanford University and I’d like to be able to see it in person one day rather than off of the internet. Anyway he goes on to explain the idea led to his polling Chicano students and teachers to find a list of heroes. After I reread this essay I started thinking about those who inspire me to write and think.

Right now I can think of two: Howard Zinn and Lolo.

My students seem upset when I insult or discount heroes that our culture gives us, namely Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson and Teddy Roosevelt. I used to argue with the ex-girlfriend pretty aggressively about Thomas Jefferson– a man who called Indians ‘savages’ in the Declaration of Independance. In fact, throw in any one of those guys on Mt Rushmore. They don’t impress me much. Once Tucker Carlson on Crossfire or some such show went on and on about Teddy Roosevelt and what a bad ass he was. Something about swimming a certain amount of miles everyday. And I could only think of him charging San Juan Hill in segregated units and not allowing any soldiers of color in the famous photo after the fighting. Champion of strenuous life my ass. And of course I do understand moral relativism and the question of morality applying to history.

Like Howard Zinn I find it hard to gather inspiration from leaders who have had so much written about them–who have had a certain amount of wealth or priviledge. People I just can’t relate to I guess. Like Zinn I group them in with Columbus and Paul Revere who have had their legacy written by poets and fiction writers–historians with a certain bias or limited cultural worldview. So I try to give my students and course work a post-structuralist spin. They seem to be upset and question this. And I defend myself–I didn’t mean to say Lincoln was a bad guy, I say. I just said he didn’t free the slaves. To say he did is an insult to the abolitionist movement. The 14th Amendment did the work and even then the problems didn’t end. Well, I like him, they say. And of course in Springfield, Il it is very dificult to get away from the Lincoln legacy. I mean his picture is up everywhere including el Presidente Burrito down the street from where I write this–the place closed but the picture remains.

And I also ask my students will we think of George Bush as the liberator of Iraq in 100 years. Wait, don’t answer that.

But Burciaga writes very powerfully about Cesar Chavez, Dolores Huerta and Luis Valdez. Writers and thinkers I appreciate more and more. He writes they received the most votes from students and instructors in CA. He also writes that La Virgen de Guadalupe also received quite a few votes. Also students voted for family and “all the people who died, scrubbed floors, wept and fought so I could be here at Stanford.” This is why Lolo is on my list.

But here on MLK Jr. day I think of how MLK Jr. argued with his father about attending college and about travelling to Alabama from Atlanta. How his father told him to stay away to keep himself and his family safe and how he went anyway. I think about the pride I will feel when Obama is sworn in to office. How for at least the ceremony I will suspend my pessimism and my grudge against those men of authority and control and I will be hopeful and optimistic.